The former player: 'I hoped to carry on my rugby career'
Important note: This piece includes details of discriminatory language and behaviour
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell says that speaking out to expose racism in rugby union brought his career to an early conclusion.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the game, displaying digital communications and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been subject to while representing Newcastle.
Then 34 and without a team, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been three appearances with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have definitely had to end my career because of what occurred," he told media outlets.
"I really hoped to continue playing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it fell through when news emerged that there were investigations underway.
"That was challenging - I had to just come to terms with the fate and accept that this entire process is a lot more important than me."
A sports organization report in 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "on the balance of probability", but said it could not gather enough evidence to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's international games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially overlooked for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told media he also faced prejudice within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him win 15 caps after his debut in 2014.
"I've had several traumatic experiences within the national team," he stated.
"Some discrimination and other just old-school mentality that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become normalised in team environments, in Burrell's experience.
"It's something that has been disguised as banter and that's been the issue that I've myself experienced and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"Over a extended period you just learn to think that it's the norm and that is fine and that it's not harmful, but that's nonsense."
Burrell explains he was eventually spurred to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "enslaved person" and instructed him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the professional level and to the implementation of an action plan for the elite level."
"We has placed significant focus on diversity and diversity in the sport and a great deal of work undertaken both before and since Luther Burrell came forward and revealed his experiences of racism and classism," it continued.
"We are ongoing work with teams and stakeholders in the professional game to strive for a culture of acceptance but acknowledge this requires patience and is an continuous effort."
All Premiership and PWR club now has in-person education on building welcoming environments, with its effectiveness tracked via individual reports and surveys.
All England athletes, including youth squads, are educated in being "active bystanders" to step in and protect others from damaging behaviour.
"You be so proud of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the documentary about his experiences.
"We know it has had this effect on you and ended your playing days, but in our view, you have achieved so well. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's dad Geoff passed away soon after the production of the film, and his sibling passed away recently.
Burrell, who grew up on a social housing in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the game more open.
His 12 Foundation works to reach young people in under-served communities and support them thrive both on the field with free sports training, mentoring and nutrition education.
"My personal motivations are pure, I want to see the progress of the sport and if nobody else is willing to tell their experience then I'll persist to advocate for that fight because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he said.
"We have an responsibility to make the game as excellent as it can be and the longer I speak about it hopefully the more confident fellow players will become about discussing their own experiences as well.
"I need to grab the challenge by the opportunity and keep carrying this banner and continue carrying this weight and do what I can to develop possibilities and make the game more attractive and more welcoming.
"There are a lot of disadvantaged children and a lot of poverty and I honestly believe that the sport has the ability to change their lives, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a return to former club Northampton in late 2022